Digital security

 Problem 2: Phishing Attacks

1.Definition

Phishing is a type of cyber attack where attackers trick you into giving up personal information like usernames, passwords, or bank details by pretending to be someone trustworthy (e.g., your bank, a friend, or a company).

Phishing usually comes in the form of:

• Emails

• Text messages (SMS phishing or "smishing")

• Instant messages

• Fake websites that look real

2.Good Links for Information

Here are some trusted sources where you can learn more:

1. Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA)

2. National Cyber Security Centre (UK)

3. Google - How to identify phishing

4. Norton - Guide to phishing

5. Microsoft Security

3.Five Good Tips to Avoid or Solve Phishing Attacks

1. Never click on suspicious links or attachments

   • Always double-check the sender's email address and hover over links to see where they go before clicking.

2. Use Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

   • Adds an extra layer of protection even if your password is stolen.

3. Keep your software and antivirus updated

   • Security updates help protect against the latest phishing tactics and malware.

4. Use unique, strong passwords for every account

   • A password manager can help you remember them.

5. Report phishing attempts

4. Feedback Form: What’s the Best Tip?

Please vote the tip you think is the most helpful:

5.Chart Online Form Results

Below is a mock-up chart showing results from 200 users who voted for the best anti-phishing tip:

Tip	Votes	Percentage
Tip 1	65	32.5%
Tip 2	40	20%
Tip 3	35	17.5%
Tip 4	30	15%
Tip 5	30	15%

Most popular tip: Tip 1: Avoid suspicious links and attachments

Digital Security

 

Problem 1: Opening Suspicious Emails That Install Malware

1. Problem Description

Many cyberattacks start when people open emails that appear legitimate but are actually fake or dangerous. These emails might come from what looks like a friend, bank, delivery company, or tech service. They often contain links or attachments that, when clicked or opened, download malware onto your computer or mobile device.

Once malware is installed, it can:

• Steal your passwords, photos, and files

• Spy on your activities

• Lock your data (ransomware)

• Use your computer to attack others

This type of attack is extremely common and is often called a phishing attack.

2. Name and Definition of the Item

 Item Name: Malware

Definition:
Malware (short for malicious software) is software specifically designed to:

• Damage, disrupt, or take control of a device

• Spy on the user

• Steal personal or financial data

• Secretly run in the background without permission

Common types of malware include:

• Viruses

• Trojans

• Spyware

• Ransomware

• Keyloggers

3. Good Links to Learn More

Here are some reliable sources to understand malware and how to prevent it:

1. CISA
   

2. Norton – What is Malware?

3. Malwarebytes – Malware Guide

4. Kaspersky – 10 Signs of Malware Infection

5. National Cybersecurity Alliance – Stay Safe Online

4. Five Good Tips to Avoid or Solve the Problem

Tips:
1️⃣	Think before you click : If an email looks suspicious, don't open attachments or click links, even if it appears to come from someone you know.
2️⃣	Use antivirus software :Install and regularly update trusted antivirus software to detect and remove threats.
3️⃣	Keep your system updated : Regular updates fix security holes that hackers try to exploit.
4️⃣	Don’t download unknown files :Never download attachments from unknown or unexpected sources.
5️⃣	Check the sender's email address : A fake email might look real, but the sender's address may be slightly different or suspicious (e.g. @paypa1.com instead of @paypal.com).

5. Form: Vote for the Best Cybersecurity Tip

Click here to vote the best option☝✊

6. Chart: Online Results of the Form

Below is an example of how to show the results in a chart format (can be created using Excel or Google Sheets):

 Sample Chart (Bar Chart or Table View)

Tip Number	Cybersecurity Tip Description	Votes
Tip #1	Think before you click	37
Tip #2	Use antivirus software	25
Tip #3	Keep your system updated	19
Tip #4	Don’t download unknown files	22
Tip #5	Check the sender’s email address	31

Most Voted Tip: Tip 1 - Think before you click

 Summary

Opening suspicious emails can lead to malware infections that harm your computer, steal your personal information, and even cost you money. The good news is that simple steps, like staying alert, using antivirus tools, and avoiding unknown links or files, can help you stay safe.